Nigeria's debt chart
Not minding a staggering debt stock of $81.2 billion (N29.032 trillion) made up of domestic debt at $55.6 billion (N20 trillion) and foreign loans at $25.6 billion (N9 trillion), the Muhammadu Buhari government still wants to borrow another $2.5 billion (N900 billion) from the World Bank.
Last year, Nigeria borrowed $2.4 billion from the World Bank in a renewed borrowing spree which experts have warned will injure the economy and imperil the future.
The World Bank Vice President for Africa Hafez Ghanem confirmed to Bloomberg that the bank and Nigeria are in talks for as much as $2.5 billion in a new tranche of concessionary lending to Africa’s most populous country.
If the government succeeds, it will push the nation’s debt stock to over N30 trillion. President Olusegun Obasanjo got Nigeria out of Bretton Wood institutions debts but successive governments have stocked up foreign debts with Buhari government being the biggest borrower.
“We’re talking about a new set of programs of about the same amount, it should be around $2.5 billion,” he said.
Faced with revenue shortfalls as the output and price of oil, Nigeria’s main export, fell in the past five years, President Muhammadu Buhari’s administration has increased borrowing to finance government spending.
However, to ease the mounting debt burden, Nigeria has sought more credit with low interest and long repayment periods from institutions including the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
Nigeria, which vies with South Africa for Africa’s biggest economy, has made a sluggish recovery since a 2016 contraction, with gross domestic product expanding only 1.9% in the three months through June, slowing for the third consecutive quarter. The World Bank in April lowered its 2019 growth forecast for Nigeria to 2.1% from 2.2%.
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“The current economic performance of Nigeria is not enough to reduce poverty,” said Ghanem. “We need to accelerate growth.”
The World Bank’s focus in Nigeria is to lift about 100 million Nigerians, half of the population, out of poverty, with special emphasis on women’s education, expanding digital opportunities and solving a power crisis that hobbles economic activities.
“It’s important to resolve the problems of the power sector in Nigeria to bring in more investments,” he said. “Because you need to bring down the cost of power to make the economy more competitive for the development of industries.”
The World Bank is supporting digital transformation in Nigeria because of its potential ability to transform other areas of the economy including industry, agriculture and services, according to Ghanem.
“Nigeria has a comparative advantage in that area because of the youth, a majority of the population is young,” he said. “So if we want to create jobs, we need to invest much more in the digital economy.”
